Lothar de Maizière
| Lothar de Maizière | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Umumiy maʼlumotlar | |
| Tavalludi |
1940-yil 2-mart Nordhausen, Germaniya |
| Qardosh loyihalar | |
Lotar de Mezyer (1940-yil 2-martda tug‘ilgan) — germaniyalik xristian-demokrat siyosatchi. U 1990-yilda Germaniya Demokratik Respublikasining yagona demokratik yo‘l bilan saylangan bosh vaziri bo‘lib xizmat qilgan va shu tariqa mustaqil Sharqiy Germaniyaning so‘nggi rahbari bo‘lgan.
Iqtiboslar
[tahrirlash]- Shuni yodda tutingki, Muso o‘z xalqini qirq yil davomida sahro bo‘ylab boshlab yurgan va yigirma yildan keyin odamlar shikoyat qila boshlagan... Ular Musoga sahrodagi hayot nihoyatda og‘ir ekanini, qullikda bo‘lgan paytlarida hech bo‘lmaganda ovqat, suv va tunash uchun joylari bo‘lganini aytishgan. Musoning do‘stlari undan odamlar yana qancha vaqt shunday shikoyat qilishini so‘rashganda, u: «Qullikda tug‘ilgan oxirgi inson vafot etguncha», deb javob bergan. Bizning vaziyatimiz ham juda o‘xshash. Sharqiy va G‘arbiy Germaniya o‘rtasidagi ruhiy tafovut kamida bir avlod davom etadi, ehtimol kommunizm davrida tug‘ilgan oxirgi inson hayotdan ko‘z yumguncha.
Remember that Moses led his people through the desert for forty years, and that after twenty years people began to complain... they told Moses that life in the desert was too difficult, and that at least while they were slaves they had had food and water and places to sleep. Moses's friends asked him how long he thought people would be complaining like this, and he replied, "Until the last person born under slavery has died". Our situation is very similar. The psychological gap between eastern and western Germany will last for at least a generation, or perhaps until the last person born under Communism has passed away.
- Stiven Kinzerning New York Times gazetasida chop etilgan Wall of Resentment Now Divides Germany» maqolasida keltirilgan (1994-yil 14-oktabr)
U haqidagi iqtiboslar
[tahrirlash]- Kommunistik bir partiyali boshqaruv ko‘p partiyali siyosat bilan almashdi, shu bilan birga konstitutsiyaviy o‘zgarishlar tezlashdi. 1990-yil 1-fevralda Sharqiy Germaniyaning yangi bosh vaziri Hans Modrov yagona vatan doirasida Germaniya-Germaniya konfederatsiyasi rejasini e’lon qildi. Gorbachyov Modrovga birlashgan Germaniya faqat qurolsizlantirilgan va betaraf bo‘lsa qabul qilinishi mumkinligini bildirdi, biroq amerikaliklar sovetlarning qo‘shinlarni Germaniyadan o‘zaro olib chiqish taklifini qabul qilishmadi. 18-mart kuni Sharqiy Germaniyada o‘tkazilgan erkin saylovlar kommunizmga bo‘lgan qo‘llov yo‘qligini ko‘rsatdi: Lotar de Mezyer boshchiligidagi Sharqiy Germaniya XDI 48,1 foiz, SPD esa 21,8 foiz ovoz oldi. Demokratlashgach, kommunizm keraksizga aylandi va bu jarayon Sharqiy Germaniya davlatining o‘ziga ham ta’sir qildi. G‘arbiy Germaniya bilan valyuta ittifoqi 1-iyulda kuchga kirdi, 3-oktabrda Sharqiy Germaniya alohida davlat sifatida tugadi va 1990-yil 2-dekabrda umumgermaniya saylovlari bo‘lib o‘tdi.
Communist one-party rule was followed by multi-party politics; while constitutional change gathered pace. On 1 February 1990, Hans Modrow, the new East German Premier, unveiled a plan for a German-German confederation as part of a United Fatherland. Gorbachev responded to Modrow that a unified Germany was acceptable only if it was demilitarised and neutral, but the Americans were unwilling to accept the Soviet proposal for the mutual withdrawal of troops from Germany. Free elections, held in East Germany on 18 March, demonstrated the lack of support for Communism: the East German CDU under Lothar de Mazière won 48.1 per cent of the vote and the SPD 21.8 per cent. Once democratised, Communism had become redundant, and the same process affected the very state of East Germany. Currency union with West Germany took effect on 1 July, East Germany came to an end as a separate state on 3 October, and all-German elections followed on 2 December 1990.
- Jeremi Blek, The Cold War: A Military History (2015)